Aurangabad District is one of the 36 districts of Maharashtra state in western India. It is bordered by the districts of Nashik to the west, Jalgaon to the north
Aurangabad District Map
Jalna to the east and Ahmednagar to the south. Aurangabad is the headquarters and principal city. The district covers an area of 10,100 km², out of which 141.1 km² is urban area and 9,958.9 km² is rural. Aurangabad district is a major tourism region in Marathwada.
Historical Background
Aurangabad city is established by Mallik Amber the then Chief of Nizam’s regime for Ahmednagar, during 1610 A.D. Before that Aurangabad was termed as “Khadki”. For many years this city / province was ruled by Mogals which was followed by independent rule by Nizam of Deccan Hyderabad even after independence of country up to 1948 A.D. Due to long time rule by emperor Aurangjeb, most of the historical movements are still seen in undamaged and good conditions. Aurangabad is an important city in the tourist map of India and world especially due to its historical significance and world famous ancient paintings of Ajanta caves and sculpturous Marvel at Ellora caves situated at 100 km & 30 km away from Aurangabad city respectively. Moreover this city is regional head quarter of eight districts of Maharashtra State which is generally pronounced as “Marathwada Region” which previously was a part of Nizam’s provincial state of Hyderabad. Aurangabad city is linked with the network of Air Service, Broad-gauge Railways and Road routes which are situated at about 10, 7 and 5 kms from Krishi Vigyan Kendra campus respectively.
Geography
Aurangabad District is located mainly in the Godavari River Basin and partly in the Tapi River Basin. The district is located between 19 and 20 degrees north longitude and 74 and 76 degrees east latitude.
Climate
In Aurangabad district the rainy season runs from June to September. Winter is from approximately October to February and summer from March to May. The average rainfall of Aurangabad district is 734 mm, and the temperature range is about 5.6–46 °C .
Agriculture
Aurangabad district is spread over an area of 10.08 lakh ha. Out of which area under cultivation is 8.52 Lakh Ha. The total population of the district is 40.83 lakh, out of which, 84.2 % population is dependent on agriculture and allied sector. Agriculture plays an important role in the district economy. The total number of farmers in the district is 9.16 lakhs, of which, 47 % and 31 % are marginal farmers and small farmers, respectively. The average land holding is 1.46 Ha. Agriculture in the Aurangabad district is diversified, wide range of crops are grown in the district. Major food grains are Jowar, pearl millet, wheat& gram, among oilseeds Soybean is major crops while Cotton is major cash crops.
Total population of district |
28,97,013 |
Total population of farmers of the district |
441125 |
Marginal farmers |
122809 |
Small |
132660 |
Semi medium |
111322 |
Marginal |
70095 |
Big farmers |
4239 |
Total land in the district (ha)
Total land : 10, 07,700 ha
Forest : 81,400 ha
Barren land : 9800 ha
Permanent pasture : 43,500 ha
Net sown area : 7, 25,000 ha
Area sown more than once : 1, 76,800 ha
Total cropped area : 8, 25,500 ha
Total cultivable land : 7, 25,000 ha
Area under Kharif crops : 5,84000 ha
Area under Rabi crops : 2,60000 ha
Irrigated land (ha) : 15, 4500 ha
Rainfed land (ha) : 5, 70,500 ha
Sr. No. |
Agro climatic zone |
Characteristics |
1. |
Western Maharashtra dry zone |
Rainfall ranges from 700-900mm. Soils are medium black calcareous. |
2. |
Central Maharashtra plateau zone |
Low rainfall , medium to heavy soils non CADA area |
Sr. No. |
Agro ecological situation |
Characteristics |
1. |
Scarcity zone |
Low rainfall light to medium soils |
2. |
Central Maharashtra plateau zone-1 |
Low rainfall, medium to heavy soils non CADA area. |
3. |
CMP-II |
Assured rainfall medium to heavy soils. |
4. |
CMP-III |
Assured rainfall medium to heavy soils. |
5. |
CMP-IV |
Command area heavy soils. |
Sr. No |
Soil type |
Characteristics |
Area in ha |
1. |
Shallow soils |
Depth 22.5 cm particle size 0.02 mm Net drained soils low water holding capacity |
46 % |
2. |
Medium black soils |
Depth 22.5 to 45 cm. Medium water holding capacity particle size 0.002 mm |
19 % |
3 |
Deep black soils |
Depth 60-90 cm high swelling & shrinkage property poor drainage . High water holding capacity. Particle size 0.002 mm. |
35 % |